Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives used for acne and, in some formulations, for photoageing, uneven pigmentation and skin texture.
Cosmetic retinol is generally milder than prescription retinoids such as tretinoin or adapalene. The right option depends on the treatment goal, skin tolerance and medical context.
Dryness, redness and peeling are common early effects. Using more product does not create faster benefit. A simple moisturiser and daily sunscreen are usually part of a sensible plan.
Topical retinoids are avoided during pregnancy as a precaution. Treatment should be reviewed when pregnancy is planned.
Using multiple acids, scrubs and active ingredients at once can unnecessarily damage the skin barrier.
Read acne and evidence-based skincare.